General relativity Essay Example for Free

General relativity Essay For many years time travel was the stuff of science fiction. This was all just part of the worlds imagination until recently. Scientists now believe that the current laws of physics allow us to travel though time. They believe that we can now travel back to see our founding fathers sign the declaration of independence. We could travel to 2999 to witness the birth of the next new millennium. Such travel would require a machine capable of withstanding great pressures and incredible amounts of speed. The act of actually traveling though time is for the most part, agreed upon, but the implications of such travel is not so decided upon. Many different theorists have different views of what could happen and some go, as far as to say that if we did travel to the past, we would end up in a different universe that is a replica of this one. One of the most basic concepts is that of Dilation, a stretching of something. Some scientists believe that the main gateway to the past or future is a wormhole. Einsteins general relativity theory explains about universal constants, this is important to understand the concepts of travel at light speed. Traveling to the past could create problems if someone tried to change something. This is a paradox. A few of these paradoxes are explained through the use of quantum mechanics. Sailing though the cosmos at the speed of light with no time passing us by, moving throughout time to witness the ancient Egyptians create their masterpieces. This is an exciting concept that we could actually formulate and make happen. Before the time of Einstein, Newton and other great investigators thought of space as an infinite expanse in which all things exist (Hewitt 213). We are in space and we live in it along with all of the planets and stars. It was never clear if the universe exists in space or space exists in the universe. Dose space exists outside the universe or only within the bounds of it. The similar question, does the universe exist only in time or does time only exist in the universe? Was there time before the universe, and will there be time after it ceases to exist? Einsteins answer to this is that time and space only exist within the universe. There is no time or space ? outside. (Hewitt 213) Einstein said that space and time are two separate parts of a whole called space-time (Hewitt 213). To understand this, consider our present knowledge. We move though time at the rate of 24 hours per day. This is only half the story though. To get the other half we have to convert our thinking from moving though time to moving though space-time (Hewitt 213). When we move, we not only move through space, we move though time. This is the idea of space-time. If a person were to stand still, they would be moving only though time. If they moved a little bit, they would be moving though space a little bit, but still mostly though time. If one were to travel at the speed of light, what changes would they experience in time? The answer is simple; they would be traveling through space, with no travel though time (Hewitt 214). They would be as ageless as light, for light travels though space only (not time) and is timeless. The frame of reference of a photon, a particle of light, a trip across the universe would take no time at all (Hewitt 214). To understand how traveling though time would work, we must first understand how time and space can be stretched. Motion in space affects motion in time. Whenever we move through space, we to some degree alter our rate of motion in time. This is known as time dilation, a stretching of time that occurs ever so slightly for everyday speeds, but significantly for speeds approaching the speed of light. If we were to attempt to travel to the nearest star, Alpha Centauri, which is 4 light years away, even traveling at the speed of light would take 8 years round trip (Hewitt 228). The center of our galaxies is something like 30000 light years away and at the speed of light would take 30000 years to get there. We could not possibly survive that long. These arguments fail to take in to account of time dilation though. Time for a stationary observer on earth and for an astronaut on a spaceship of high velocity is different. A persons heart beats to the rhythm of the realm it is in. One realm of time seems the same as any other to the person in the realms, but not to an observer outside that realm that can see the difference. As an example, astronauts traveling at 99% the speed of light could make a trip to the star Procyon that is 11. 4 light-years away in 23 earth years round trip (Hewitt 229). Because of time dilation, it would seem that only 3 years passed for the astronauts, there clocks would be 3 years older; they would be biologically only 3 years older (Hewitt 229). It would be the mission control people that would appear to be 23 years older. The question is why dose this happen. Lets say that we are in our hometown, looking at the grandfather clock that is in the center of town. The clock reads 12:00 noon. Light from the sun bounces off the face of the clock and hits our eyes. We then turn our head and the light misses us and travels off into space. In space, there is a space ship that is traveling at the speed of light. An astronaut looks out his passenger-side window and sees the reflection of the clock. It reads 12:00 noon. As he continues to move at the speed of light, he keeps up with the reflected face of the clock. In the space ship time would pass as normal, but time in the universe would have seemed to stop. This might sound like cosmic bologna but the idea has been proven. In 1975 Professor Carl Tllie of the University of Maryland tested this theory using two synchronized atomic clocks (Brian par2). One clock was placed on a plain and flown for several hours while he other clock stayed on the ground. Upon landing, the clock on the plain was a little slower than the one on the ground. This was not due to experimental error, for the same test was done several times and each time yielded the same results. Because of time dilation travel in to the distance future is a definite possibility. The only problem lies in propelling a craft to such speed at which light travels. Carl Sagan wrote a science fiction novel about a fictional device that allowed his character to travel great distances across the universe. Those faster than light speeds are not achievable; he also knew there was a common convention in science fiction that would allow a gimmick of a shortcut through ? Hyper space as a means around this problem( par2 ) . Sagen turned to Kip Thorne for help for hyperspace connections through space-time( par2). A black hole always has two ends, a property ignored by everyone except a few mathematicians until the mid-1980s. Thorne was sufficiently intrigued to set two of his Ph. D. students, Michael Morris and Ulvi Yurtsever, the task of working out some of the details of the physical behavior of what the relativists know aswormholes. By starting out from the mathematical end of the problem, they constructed a space-time geometry that matched Sagans requirement of a wormhole that could be physical traversed by human beings. Sagan was right; hyperspace connections do at least in theory provide a means to travel to far distant regions of the universe without spending thousands of years putting around in an ordinary spacecraft. Since the 30s scientists have speculated that wormholes exist. Einsteins theory combines 3 dimensional space with time to create a 4 dimensional space (Brian par3). Wormholes are gateways between two different parts of the universe made by linking two black holes. Wormholes are in the fabric of 4 dimensional space that are connected, but which originate at different points in space and different times. By connecting the two holes they provide a quick path between two different locations in space and time. Distortions in space cause the point separated by the gap to bulge out and connect. This forms a wormhole through, which something could instantaneously travel to a far away place and time. This is basically the 4dinensial equivalent of a folded sheet of paper, to make contact from one edge of the paper to the other. One could build a craft strong enough to withstand the intense force of the gravity towards the center, and pass right through like opening a door of a house and stepping outside, except the space travelers outside could be light-years away and centuries before the current time. If the traveler enters one side he would exit in the opposite side in a different place and time. The difficulty of doing this is in keeping the hole open till the travel gets through otherwise it would collapse and the traveler would not be seen again. The trip is not impossible just extremely difficult. It is believed to be possible to create our own wormhole. To actually make one, two identical machines consisting of 2 parallel metal plates charged with unbelievable amounts of energy would need to be constructed. When the machines are placed in close proximity of each other the enormous amounts of energy, about that of an exploding star, would rip a hole in the space-time continuum and connect the two machines via a wormhole. This is possible and the beginnings of it have been illustrated in the lab by what is known as the Casimir effect. The next step would be to put one of these machines on a space ship and send it off at near light speed. The ship would take the machine on a journey while being connected to the other on earth via the wormhole. A step in the hole would take us to where the other machine is, but that would be in a different time. Its use would be somewhat limited because we could not travel to a time before the machine was created. However if we were to utilize wormhole technologic we would have to be so advanced that we could master the energy within blockhouse. Space-time consists of portraits or events that represent a particular place at a particular time. Your life forms sort of a worm in space-time. The tip of the tail is your birth and the head is your death. And everything that is the body is your life, otherwise called your world line. In three-dimensional space, a rocket that is not accelerating is stationary, but in four-dimensional space the ship is moving along is world line. Einsteins law states simply that the world line of every object is a geodesic in the continuum. A geodesic is the shortest distance between two points but in curved space is not generally a straight line. If an objects world line were to be distorted, so much of form a loop connected with a part on itself that represented an earlier place in time it would create a corridor to the past. Picture a loop to loop that runs into it as it comes around. This closed loop is called a closed time like curve. These curves could be used to travel into our own history. All the clams made about time travel are consequences of the basic scientific laws and standard Quantum Mechanics. Wormholes and closed time like curves appear to be the main way to travel to the past. The aforementioned theories do fine in expelling how to we would go about traveling through time, but they do little to explain what it would be like traveling through them. Quantum mechanics can be used to model possible scenarios and yields the probability of each possible output. In the context of time travel, it has a so-called many universe interpretation. First pursed by Huge Evertt III in 1957. This means that if something can physically happen it does in some universe. Everett says that our reality is only one of the many equally valid universes. There is a collection of these universes called a multiverse. Every multiverse has copies of every person, structure and atom. For every possible event every possible outcome is said to be played out in a different universe. This interpretation of Quantum Mechanics is quite controversial, but it does suggest that it may be impossible to travel backward in it to our own dimension, but quite possible to travel back in time to an alternate dimension. Such an idea of linking parallel universes has been suggested in science fiction novels and in some television shoes such as Sliders. In the television series Sliders, a sliding machine creates a wormhole that links 2 parallel dimensions. Each week a group of these sliders jump into the wormhole and emerge in the same place and time, but in a different dimension. They can run into there own selves and experience a society vastily different than their own. The stuff of science fiction stems from existing Physical theories. So now that we know travel through time is theoretically possible, what would it be like? What would traveling at light speed be like? It would be similar to driving our car at 60 mph. You could not really tell the difference, Einstein says that you can not tell the difference in uniformly moving vessels. According to Einsteins laws of special relativity sight speed travel is not achievable. For any object to attain light speed, an object must be massless, such as a photon. Any object with mass would require an infinite amount of energy to accelerate to light speed. As we know, everything has mass so it would be impossible for any human to achieve these speeds. Another barrier on our traveling the speed of light, is the fact that light is pure energy, if we were to travel at that speed, we would turn into energy blobs. What happens when we actually travel back in to time? What happens if we change something, or try to commit suicide or to invent something from the future that we take for granted? The future from that point could be drastically changed. This argument is commonly called the Chronology principal. This principal states that the time travel could bring information to the past that could be used to create new ideas or products. If Pablo Picaso, the most influential and successful painter of the 20th century were to travel back in time to meet his younger self, assuming he stayed in his correct universe, he could then give himself a portfolio of all his work. His younger self could reproduce the paintings and profoundly and irrevocably affecting the future of art. This would involve no creative energy by the inventor. The reproductions would exist because they are copies from the original and the originals exist because they are copies of the reproductions. No creative energy would ever have to be put forth to create these masterpieces. Because of the chronology principal time travel, by some, has been ruled out. The cosmos await us, and the history of our world is at our fingertips. Would we use this great power for good, bad, and wealth? All we have to do is get in our spaceship, set sail for the nearest wormhole, and hope for a little luck, and we can witness things only told in stories. Only the traveler can decided what he or she wishes to go back for. The theories today state that traveling through time is possible, however they do not say what could be the repercussions of our actions. This great frontier awaits us; we have the knowledge, and are slowly but surly developing the technology. Only time will tell when time itself no longer rules our lives as one of the chief amendments of the universal constitution.

Leadership and Organizational Culture Essay -- Leadership Theory, Powe

House et al. (2007) discovers that leadership and Organisational culture are closely linked together as leaders influence the culture of their organisations. Researches talk about a range of leadership definitions but it is not easy to define. (E.g. Western, 2008; Yukl, 2010). However, Cohen (2009) critically analyses definitions from Dracker (1996), Eisenhower (1969), Northouse (2004) and finally summarised the definition of leadership constitutes five elements. First of all, ask question to set direction, which means effective leaders need to listen to followers’ voice respectfully and then share the common goals and ideas with them. In addition, leaders need to seek insights and allocate resources optimally; act ethically; allow their employees to work in a conformable and most effective way. This essay will explain different leadership styles and how they influence the organisations with examples of organisations and leaders with main focus on well-known entrepreneur: Sir Alan Sugar. He grows from nothing to incredible success ( £ 730 million), is a legend in the UK business history; his reality TV show â€Å"The Apprentice†, a great entertainment for recruitment appeals to the public without reasons. However, he as a person is controversial amongst people, probably due to his leadership style as bullying or harassment (destructive). There are four schools of leadership styles: Trait, behavioural, contingency and transformational. Nevertheless, in the case of Alan Sugar, trait and transactional styles match him which will be illustrated following in detail. As Yukl (2010) indicates, such factors (e.g. personality, values and capacities) attributed to a leader. Normally it is widespread acknowledged that someone is born to be a lead... ...l man who enables others to think and do in his way (role model) and his employees work him for unconditional loyalty (e.g. his PA), also, adopt a fair system of rewards and punishments; however, as a leader sometimes he just needs some transformational styles which respect and communicate with followers equally rather than forced them to shut up rudely. As for organizational culture, the article obtains further understanding that some factors attribute to detect cultures existed in an organisation, communication system, for example. As a result, it can be identified that his culture not only can be classified as power but task. Moreover, due to the changeable outside environment, compounded and flexible cultures seems to be a better way for an organisation’s sustainable development. Therefore, leadership is tightly related to organizational culture.

Narative Report

A NARRATIVE OF OFF-CAMPUS EXPERIENCES IN RCA COMPUTER SALES & SERVICES LUCENA CITY A Report Submitted to: Ms. CHERRY ANN MENDEZ Southern Luzon State University Gumaca Campus Gumaca, Quezon In Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements In On the Job Training 1 By: CHEYNARRD B. ORATE JUNE 2011 SOUTHERN LUZON STATE UNIVERSITY GUMACA CAMPUS GUMACA QUEZON APPROVAL SHEET In partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Summer On Job Training Program.This report entitled â€Å"A NARRATIVE REPORT OF OFF – CAMOUS EXPERIENCES IN RCA COMPUTER SALES ANG SERVICES, LUCENA CITY â€Å" has been prepared and submitted by CHEYNARRD BENIPAYO ORATE is hereby recommended for approval. MS. CHERRY ANN MENDEZ Coordinator Chairman DR. FELIX B. LAMPOS JR. OIC- Gumaca Campus Accepted as partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Summer On Job Training 1 with the rating of 1. 5 Approved: MS. CHERRY ANN MENDEZ On Job Training Coordinator ACKNOWLEDGEMENTIt is a great pleasure to acknowledge with sincere gratitude and appreciation all those who have contributed in one way or another to the successful accomplishment of this narrative report. Without their support and contributions, this narrative report would not have been completed. To my co-OJT John Ralp Fabroa for being helpful and being nice to me Ms. Cherry Ann Mendez our OJT coordinator for his guidance support during our OJT. Finally, to my family who gave moral and financial supports. Above all to our Almighty God the source of all Goodness and GracesDEDICATION This compilation denotes a grateful gratitude to the following notable persons who rendered their immeasurable supports. To my family who are my inspirations and who gave their moral and financial supports. To my friends who always give me advices with regards to my problem. CHEYNARRD BENIPAYO ORATE INTRODUCTION The Diploma in Industrial Technology Major in Computer Technology intends to produce an efficient and effective technician because the students in this subjec t will learn how to apply what they have learned from their professor.It is a really big help for me that i am enrolled in on this On Job Training because we will be trained to become a better and good technician someday. You will manage how to face the common problems that will be surely encountered during the actual works or training. Most of all I learned that time is very precious, that every minute’s counts, so now I will spend it wisely. OBJECTIVES OF TRAINING To trained my knowledge for being a better technician in the near future. To be familiarized in the different problems of one computer. To depend on my own opinion how to solve such a problem and not to depend on others.To know what is the problem of the computer in the way of troubleshooting and to experience the world of working. WORK ACCOMPLISHMENTS On my training in RCA Computer Sales and Services I able to apply my skill in their because we usually assemble a computer which is being teach in my beloved school which is Southern Luzon State University Gumaca Campus which located here in Gumaca Quezon. How to handle the parts of the computer with care and where to hold it because some parts of the computer is sensitive. How to put it carefully don’t need to be scratch, properly inserted the screw and proper tighten it.Then one time a customer came and ask how much for the speaker, their two speaker with a different price so I do the sales talk what our my sales clerk do because that time there are my customer that being entertained asking price and what parts are better for their computer and then I told to our customer what are the different of the two and best speaker is the one who has the higher price of course so that we have a sales and then we tested it and our customer satisfied with the sound then our customer said ok I will buy then how cookie crumble I made a sales and I know to communicate to the customer.The other is not very simple I got into a service to the Maritime at Enverga University i just bought their power supply and put it on their unit then back to RCA. Then a service again one customer buys a full set of computer monitor, mouse, keyboard, headset, webcam, computer table with chairs and the system unit of course and they requested to setup their unit on their home and then I volunteer to came with them and our sales clerk agree with that so where at their house I setup their unit and that’s it and I am not waiting for any tip for what I done then suddenly they me a two pieces of â€Å"Balot† how lucky I am then I said thank you.Their business is distributing a â€Å"Balot† in some place in lucena to sell it just sharing. This is what we usually do in everyday when we go to our training first is to clean the place. Then a customer came brought their system unit then our head technician ask what is the problem of their unit then we get the unit bring in the tech room to be troubleshoot then when it is finish to troub leshoot we tell to the customer what is the problem of their unit.If the problem is the operating system we will reformat it because that what our head technician told to us and I always volunteer do to that because I know how to do it because as I said our school teach that and the one teach us is no other than Ms. Cherry Ann Mendez. Thank you so much mam. And John Ralp and I is the must advance knowledge with our co-ojt because some of them don’t how to troubleshoot, how to go in cmos bios set-up. PROBLEM ENCOUNTERED AND SOLUTIONS OFFEREDIf you go in RCA lucena Branch and you are going to buy a ten unit of computer full set with table and chair you need to wait for one week or more because they don’t have any stock there they ordered it in the main office. Here’s a problem the RCA today is not the apple of the eye that you know it. Because the owner of RCA has a little problem with the supplier because some of the products are owe by the owner of RCA and not b eing paid so that the delivery on each branch is being delayed. Just sharing for information) Then were in the lucena branch of RCA on the first day of our training nothings seems to be worry as the days go on some customer asking for the products that their ordered and their get a no answer we said that â€Å"sir/mam we don’t have a delivery of the products that you order came back again next week maybe we have your ordered products. Some customer waited for almost three months and they did not get their ordered product even if they paid the half price of the product.Then another customer buying for one system unit some parts of the computer needed to assemble is available there in RCA and some parts is not available so our sales clerk need a sales and she need a local source of course they accepted it then our sales clerk ask for one trainee because she will be asking to buy the other parts in another store there is no illegal their because its business the bad part is the store that you’re going to brought the products, because they saying a bad thing on the part of RCA if they know that the one who’s buying is from RCA and I am the one who always buy the part of the computer needed for assemble and released for the customer.And here the one problem that Ralp and I encountered not with RCA but inside the RCA with our Co-Ojt there are super â€Å"TAMAD GRABE† here a setting our head branch calling for one trainee just to buy a mineral water just across the street and I know that they here that but there ignore it then a second call and I am inserting the MOBO on the casing because there some ordered to be released then suddenly one of my co-ojt pointed me and tell me that â€Å"hey cheynarrd mam gina asking you to buy her a mineral water† then I leave what I’m doing and pass it to them then I went outside to buy a mineral. If you are on the job training you should follow what your superior told do so. That’s my problem encounter and solution’s offered. JUSTIFICATIONAt the end of my training I will definitely say thanks for everything that I learned in RCA Computer Sales and Services and I will really miss all the bonding all the laughs, jokes to my co-OJT namely Jayson, Ricky, Jeff, Allan, Big, Espinar, Tangkad, Willard, Crystal, Mich and specially my partner John Ralp to our technician namely Sir Mike, Sir Ronnie and Sir Kenneth and to our head branch Mam Gina and our sales clerk Mam Jhona thanks again. I learned here how to communicate to my supervisor to my co-OJT and to the RCA customer and should I say that I really improve my skill here like assembling a computer using safety precaution and disassembling computer parts and peripherals. I also learned here what is the basic troubleshooting and how to troubleshoot as well and I put some flow chart attached here in my narrative report.I also improve me skill here and learned software and hardware installation and windows insta llation and being patient will installing. And also I learned here you should be memories the product key of your operating system like Windows XP service pack two because will you are in the field or servicing to your customer you don’t have to get your notes and then type it if you get what I’m saying. Here’s what product key that I been memories will I was there at RCA Computer Sales and Services K2KB2-BDBGV-KP686-D8T7X-HDMQ8 it is for all services pack two only. And I also learned here how to test your power supply if it is working or not. Maybe that’s all folks PICTURES/ENDURSEMENT

The Genders Essay - 2071 Words

The Genders Through out history, men and women have struggled to understand each other. Society has struggled to meld their complex differences while embracing the wonder of individuality. Biologist attempt to explain why men and women are different yet comes from the very similar genetic make-up. Psychologists have made grand strides in understanding how the mind works in the dynamics of relationships between men and women. And in a society that is governed by economics, the realm of social status and money can often determine whom one will couple with. Gender relationships are currently defined in American society by historical classifications. Historical representations of gender roles have been carried over to todays culture.†¦show more content†¦Consequently, is it possible that the value of money has a deeper meaning, enshrined within our individual personalities, transcending the limitations of the state, setting parameters for individual actions within society? These questions drive to the very heart of not only our obsession with money, but they also strike at the essence of who we are as individuals, how we act within society, and how the superstructure of society is shaped. To form an analysis of money and its impact is a two-fold process: we must investigate the dynamics of money on an individual level, and also the interaction and importance of money on a societal level. Traditionally, Marxist theory and Freudian psychoanalysis have been viewed as polar opposites on the spectrum of political thought. The Marxist exploration of economic life in capitalist society strives to define how our society is utilized by the modes of production, bound within the confines of political economy. But, while Marx explains a world of interests and of failures of mutual recognition, he leaves little in the way of clarification on family life - familial recognition and interaction. Psychoanalysis, on the other hand, probes into the realm of familial experience, defining the origins of our desires - what factors are predisposed within our subconscious. By bringing the two approaches together, analyzing Freud in a Marxist perspective and vice versa, a directShow MoreRelat edGender, Gender And Gender932 Words   |  4 Pagescommonalities found throughout the text, which challenges the representation of gender identity in last week’s materials. One of the similarities found throughout this week’s materials is that gender is complex. Professor Davis’s lecture â€Å"Sex Gender – It’s Complicated† defines â€Å"Binary gender: man or women, female or male, and masculine and feminine. Two distinct categories† (slide 5). The Western society mostly see gender as binary, black and white. 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Her grieving mother, Demeter, goes through great lengths to be reunited with her beloved daughter. The hymn portrays a great divide in authority between both genders. The male gods use their authority without consequence. They assert their power on others without taking into accountRead MoreGender, Gender And Gender Equality1391 Words   |  6 PagesThis essay will look at Gender discrimination in an Australian prospective with some overseas perspectives overlapping this essay will look at gender deference’s in pay in Australia and discuss the ideas and arguments surrounding gender equality in the work place. Gender equity in work place is still a heavily understudied in Australia and as is more or less worldwide. 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This can also be seen in the fact that goals of linguistic studies shifted at this point, to not just look at grammatical differences between males and females but to examine sexism and gender bias in language. The wording of such studies becomes increasingly important in the modern era, as gender is now recognised as a socially constructedRead MoreGender, Gender And Gender Discrimination1303 Words   |  6 Pagesprecipitating gender inequity (MacWilliams, Schmidt, Bleich, 2013; U.S. Census Bureau, 2013). Unfortunately male nurses have become victims of discriminatory stereotypes which deter the recruitment of males into the profession (Meyers, 2003; O’Lynn, 2004; Rajacich, Kane, Williston, Cameron, 2013). Barriers of equality are impeded by the historical origin of modern nursing and to achieve integration in a femi nine dominated field remodeling nursing to include equality for both genders. Selecting this